Методичні засади викладання української мови як іноземної у вищих навчальних закладах

Abstract

У статті розглянуто методичні засади навчання української мови студентів-іноземців. Аналізуються методи, підходи, прийоми, принципи організації навчання української мови як іноземної у вищому навчальному закладі.

В статье рассматриваются методические основы преподавания украинского языка студентам-иностранцам. Анализируются методы, подходы, приёмы, принципы организации учебного процесса обучения украинского языка в высшем учебном заведении.

The dynamic development of the modern world contributes to the fundamental changes in the professional training of foreign students, in which the effective teaching of Ukrainian as a foreign language is a priority, so far as the process of adaptation in the language-cultural environment of another country is carried out first of all through the acquisition of a new language, with the help of which vocational education in a higher educational institution is getting. That is why the determining of the methodological principles of teaching Ukrainian language for foreign students is the urgent task and it seems to be significant, despite the fact that a lot has been done in this area in the last few decades. The mentioned problem is quite actual as, firstly, the export of educational services and internationalization of education are growing, and secondly, it requires further study and development of methodological recommendations, principles of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language in higher educational institutions, which became the purpose of the article. The methodology of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language is a rather young science, which began its intensive development in a sovereign Ukraine. The theoretical and linguistic foundations of the search and creation of an effective method of teaching Ukrainian language for foreigners became well-known, tested methods, approaches, principles and ways of educational activity, which in linguodidactics have received the status of directions in the teaching of a foreign language. In addition, general-edict and methodological requirements as the main organizational unit of the educational process are applied to Ukrainian classes for foreign citizens. It has to implement the methodological concept, which is the basis of learning, and its essence is determined by the methodical content - a set of provisions that determine its features, structure, content, types and methods of work. Next, the article outlines the methodological principles for the effective organization of Ukrainian language teaching process for foreign students: the communicative-speech orientation of each lesson, the complexity in determining the tasks of the lesson and their practical implementation, Ukrainian language as a foreign one - the purpose and means of training, at the same time, and method of a foreign students’ adaptation to the new language and cultural environment, the high level of foreign students’ intellectual-speech activity, the diversification of work forms during the class, motivational and lexical orientation of foreign students’ educational activities, cultural, national, ethnographic content of the subject. Analyzed and determined technological factors of effective Ukrainian language teaching for foreign students allow to emphasize the advantages of the methodology of complex providing Ukrainian language course as a field of study, its communicative-speech orientation.