В статті проаналізовані особливості фізичного розвитку, фізичного здоров'я і рухової активності дітей з порушеннями слуху різного ступеня. Висвітлено засоби фізичної реабілітації дітей з вадами слуху.
В статье проанализированы особенности физического развития, физического здоровья и двигательной активности детей с нарушениями слуха разной степени. Освещены средства физической реабилитации детей с недостатками слуха.
This paper analyzes the features of physical development, physical health and physical activity of children with hearing impairments of varying degrees. Deals with physical rehabilitation of children with hearing impairments. This paper analyzes the features of physical development, physical health and physical activity of children with hearing varying degrees. Deals with physical rehabilitation of children with disabilities of hear. According to statistics of the World Health Organization, the number of children under 16 who have a hearing impairment of different etiologies in Ukraine There are about 19 thousand, 82 % of children with hearing loss pathology occurs in the first year of life. The fate of the child hearing impairment is determined by factors such as the age at which there was a breach of auditory function term detection defect, the degree of hearing loss early and timely rehabilitation. Detection of congenital deafness in the newborn child is important, since the start of treatment and educational work are the determining factors in the problem of rehabilitation of children with hearing loss and deafness. It is known that the violation functions of the auditory analyzer results in a number of secondary abnormalities and primarily to delays in language development. Also, children with hearing impairments characteristic of various abnormalities in the motor area. The main objectives of physical rehabilitation are:
- Correction of basic movements;
- Ensuring the free development of the individual in society;
- Correction and develop coordination skills;
- Correction and development of physical fitness;
- Correction and prevention of somatic disorders;
- The development of cognitive sphere .
The rehabilitation program should include a variety of types, forms of rehabilitation. These are:
- Therapeutic exercise - used general developmental, dance and rhythmic rytmoplastychni exercise, outdoor games, swimming;
- Physical therapies (physiotherapy) - is stimulating therapies: acupuncture, electric stimulation of the inner ear structures. Used as a method of use of oxygen under high pressure in hypobaric chambers. Appointed techniques that improve circulation and microcirculation of tissues, improves trophic processes;
- Hydrotherapy - lies in the use of technical means of rehabilitation. Rehabilitation equipment are special tools for self- care, guidance, communication and exchange of information and tools for training and employment in employment, prosthetic products (auditory prostheses);
- Massage - using point and air massage the eardrum;
- Occupational therapy - aimed at mastering the skills of self.
Thus, correction of deafness in children use of means and methods of physical rehabilitation is becoming a prerequisite for solving the problem of adaptation to normal life.
