Дисертацію присвячено дослідженню діяльності громадських об’єднань
етноменшин на українських теренах у складі Російської імперії.
На основі всебічного аналізу широкого кола архівних матеріалів, статистичних
джерел, наукових публікацій, у дослідженні зроблено спробу комплексного вивчення
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витоків та історичних обставин виникнення громадських об’єднань національних
меншин в Україні. Досліджено зародження громадської ініціативи етноменшин, її
процес формування, організаційні форми та напрямки діяльності в українських
губерніях у складі Російської імперії з 1861-1914 рр. Охарактеризовано специфіку та
результати господарського, благодійного, культурно-просвітнього спрямувань
громадської ініціативи нацменшин.
Сформульовані в дисертації висновки і пропозиції можуть бути використані при
облаштуванні громадських об’єднань.
The thesis focuses on research of public unions of national minorities of Ukrainian
lands in the Russian Empire.
On the basis of comprehensive analysis of many archival materials, statistical sources
and scientific publications an attempt to complex studying the origins and historical
circumstances of the appearance of public unions of the national minorities in Ukraine
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when they were made. The birth of the national minorities' civil initiative, the process of
formation, organizational forms and activities in the Ukrainian provinces in the Empire of
the 1861−1914 have been studied. The specific results were made through economic,
charitable, cultural and educational aspirations of the National Minorities’ Public Initiative.
Their main statutory principles, means and forms of activity, significance and impact are
characterized here.
On the basis of complex analysis, the activities of the associations of ethnic minorities
and ways of interaction with government organizations have revealed the essence of
government policy in relation to cultural and educational organizations that have been
defined. The Cultural and Educational associations helped preserve their national heritage
and contribute to the implementation of the social life of Western ideas. They understood
that the welfare of society in the future depends on educated people and better spread of
education. Social and political life of ethnic minorities made a significant influence on the
cultural and educational movement. Educational organizations were under stricter police
and administrative supervision because their programs did not respond the official course of
imperial authority. Cultural and educational organizations of Ukrainians and ethnic
minorities jointly fought together against the russification from the tsarist government.
Against the background of the national political association the cooperation of ethnic
minorities partnerships with cultural and educational organizations in Ukraine was
observed.
Social changes in the second half of the nineteenth century became a catalyst for
community initiatives in the social assistance system. Charitable associations of ethnic
minorities departed from traditional practice and began specialize in distinct areas. The
variety of forms of assistance to needy charities by the ethnic minorities is defined by their
religious beliefs, traditions and local needs.
Due to the active participation of minorities in economic life, they formed business
associations of various kinds and directions. Household partnerships of ethnic minorities, as
part of national public movement, had a significant impact on the modernization of the
economy and so minorities have made significant progress in economic management and
used advanced techniques and showed exemplary example of farming on a cooperative
basis.
Study of public organizations of ethnic minorities in the second half XIX − early XX
century led to the conclusion in particular and in general concerned with the mechanism of
formation, internal structure, composition, directions and forms of public associations of
ethnic minorities. Differences are defined in the tradition and habits of ethnic minorities,
regional infrastructure, the degree of satisfaction of public needs, regional educational,
medical institutions and also interests of associations owners.
The conclusions formulated in this thesis and suggestions can be used in the equipping
of public associations.
