У статті з’ясовано, що проблема порушень психічного розвитку дітей є найбільш поширеною та
актуальною проблемою у галузі допомоги дітям з особливими потребами, обґрунтовано важливість відповідності
сучасним поглядам на природу порушень психічного розвитку при плануванні стратегій допомоги таким дітям
Розглянуто основні підходи у класифікації порушень психічного розвитку з точки зору авторитетних
міжнародних організацій сфери охорони психічного здоров’я.
The article finds that the problem of violations of children's mental development is the most widespread and
actual problem in the field of care for children with special needs, according to experts, at least 13% of people under the
age of 15 and 43% of those between the ages of 13 and 18 have problems with mental health. The importance of
conforming to modern views on the nature of violations of mental development in planning strategies for helping such
children is substantiated.
The main approaches in the classification of mental disorders are considered from the point of view of
authoritative international organizations of the sphere of mental health.
An evolutionary approach is one of the greatest innovations. According to this approach, the majority of mental
disorders manifests in childhood and adolescence and characterized by various clinical manifestations that are
considered in the context of psychiatry of development for different periods of life. The new group of disorders "violation
of neurodevelopment" is formed from diagnostic categories based on the notion of general neurobiological features. The
severity of the disorder is determined not by the IQ, but by the level of adaptive functioning.
