Стаття присвячена вивченню впливу навантаження на стан серцево-судинної системи легкоатлетів
і борців із різною тілобудовою. Результати виконання функціональних проб показали, що всі спортсмени, не залежно від
особливостей їх фізичного розвитку, мали високий рівень адаптації системи кровообігу до фізичних навантажень.
Більшість виявлених ЕКГ-феноменів є проявами морфо-функціональних адаптаційних змін серця легкоатлетів і борців під
впливом силового і аеробного фізичного навантаження.
Статья посвящена изучению влияния нагрузки на состояние сердечно-
сосудистой системы легкоатлетов и борцов с разным телосложением. Результаты функциональных проб показали, что
все спортсмены, независимо от особенностей их физического развития, имели высокий уровень адаптации системы
кровообращения к физическим нагрузкам. Большинство выявленных ЭКГ-феноменов являются проявлениями морфо-
функциональных адаптационных изменений сердца легкоатлетов и борцов под влиянием силовой и аэробной физической
нагрузки.
The article is devoted to studying the influence of load on the condition of the cardiovascular system of athletes and
wrestlers with different types of physique. The results of the study showed that all athletes, regardless of their physical development,
had a high level of adaptation of the circulatory system to physical stress. All athletes showed a normotonic type of hemodynamic
reaction during the execution functional test Letunova with a dosed load on endurance, as evidenced by typical unidirectional changes
in the heart rate and systolic blood pressure towards their moderate increase and an adequate decrease in the level of diastolic blood
pressure immediately after stopping the test and сomplete recovery of hemodynamic parameters within 1-2 minutes. According to the
results of the load test of Rufieu, it was established that all the wrestlers had a "good" level of cardiac efficiency, but among the
normostenics the index of the Rufieu was smaller, which indicates a higher ability of their heart muscle to withstand high-intensity
power loads, in contrast to the functional potential of heart of asthenics and hypersthenics. In addition, morpho-functional adaptive
changes in the heart of athletes and wrestlers were investigated using their standard ECG. The most common ECG phenomena of
athletes are increased voltage in the chest leads and peripheral reduced voltage of the ECG. Such ECG signs as the shortening of the
PQ interval and the incomplete blockade of the right leg of the branch Gissa were equally represented on the ECG of the athletes of
both groups. All other ECG phenomena in athletes and wrestlers were determined in few athletes. The majority of sports physicians,
these ECG-phenomena are considered as a variant of the norm, which do not require additional diagnostics. In favor of physiological
changes on the ECG of athletes, there is absence of pathological changes from the side of the cardiovascular system when performing
functional tests with dosed physical activity, both among athletes and among wrestlers.
