У статті розкриваються проблеми підготовки спортсменів-гирьовиків. Щодо освоєння змагальної вправи ривок. Вправи з гирьового спорту поділяються змагальні, що виконуються за обумовленими вимогами правил змагань. Тренувальні вправи, що розподіляють на спеціально-підготовчі та загально-підготовчі. За технічними складовими рухові здібності гирьовика оцінюють за наступними характеристиками, а саме просторово-часові, динамічні та ритмічні. Які в свою чергу впливають на економічність енерговитрат. Так як вправа ривок виконується 10 хвилин (виключенням є Гвардійський ривок або вправи з гирьового марафону), що впливає на ефективність технічної складової вправи, що змінюють та доповнюють особисту техніку гирьовика. Експериментальне дослідження проводилось протягом переддипломної практики з 05 вересня по 11 листопада 2022 року на базі навчальної лабораторії «Фізичної реабілітації, ерготерапії та спорту» факультету соціально-гуманітарних технологій та менеджменту і навчально-спортивного комплексу Державного податкового університету. Досліджені прийняло участь 16 чоловік віком 15-17 років, з яких 4 дівчини та 12 хлопців. В роботі використовуються методи аналізу й узагальнення наукової літератури та порівняльний аналіз контрольної вправи ривок протягом одного мезациклу.
The article reveals the problems of training athletes-weightlifters. Regarding the mastering of the competitive jerk exercise. Exercises in kettlebell sports are divided into competitive exercises performed according to the specified requirements of the competition rules. Training exercises, which are divided into special preparatory and general preparatory. Since the jerk exercise is performed for 10 minutes (the exception is the Guard jerk or kettlebell marathon exercises). During the jerk exercise, the kettlebell changes several projections of body positions, moreover, these actions are constantly under the influence of weight (if during competitions it is 8 kg., 16 kg., 24 kg., or 32 kg.), and during training it is any - what weight according to the stage of training, sports qualification, article, etc. During the study, attention was paid to the four phases of jerk execution, namely: swing, lifting the weight to the squat, fixing and lowering the weight to the high position. All other phases, in our opinion, are auxiliary or complement the structure of the competitive exercise. According to the technical components, the movement abilities of the kettlebell are evaluated according to the following characteristics, namely spatio-temporal, dynamic and rhythmic, to the athlete's ability to maintain stability of orientation in space and voluntary muscle relaxation. The above-listed characteristics of the performed exercise can be attributed to the manifestation of the athlete's coordination abilities during the performance of a training or competitive exercise. With the correct setting of the technique in the performance of the exercise, it affects the effectiveness of the technical component of the exercise, which changes and complements the personal technique of the weightlifter and the economy of the athlete's energy expenditure.
.In order to improve their own methodology in the training of weightlifting athletes, barbell and kettlebell exercises were included in the educational and training process. According to the form and structure, barbell exercises were divided into general/special preparatory exercises (65% + 35%), and kettlebell exercises (30% + 70%). The load of these exercises was calculated for each participant separately. Their personal indicators were taken into account: physical health, gender, physical development, which was reflected in the athlete's individual sports diary.
The experimental study was conducted during the pre-diploma practice from September 5 to November 11, 2022 on the basis of the educational laboratory "Physical rehabilitation, occupational therapy and sports" of the Faculty of Social and Humanitarian Technologies and Management and the educational and sports complex of the State Tax University. 16 men aged 15-17 took part in the study, of which 4 were girls and 12 were boys. The participants of the experiment were divided into weight categories: men up to 65 kg, 70 kg, 75 kg, 80 kg. and over 80 kg. Girls have the following weight categories up to 60 kg, 65 kg. and over 65 kg.
The work uses methods of analysis and generalization of scientific literature and a comparative analysis of the control exercise of jerks during one mesacycle, 4 planned control starts were carried out (09.07.2022 / 09.25.2022 / 10.20.2022 / 11.9.2022). And to control the strength of the shoulder girdle and arms, we offer the "Lifting a kettlebell" test, that is, a jerk weighing 24 kg for men and 8 kg for girls.
