Фразеологічні одиниці з демінутивним та аугментативним компонентом у сучасній українській мові

Abstract

Дисертація присвячена комплексному аналізу українських фразеологічних одиниць з демінутивним та аугментативним компонентом. У роботі визначено роль різних типів демінутивів та аугментативів у створенні переносних значень фразеологізмів. На основі аналізу і класифікації стійких зворотів із демінутивним та аугментативним компонентом змодельовано їх основні семантичні, семантико- граматичні та структурно-граматичні типи, визначено специфіку цього фразеологічного корпусу щодо піших фразеологічних мікросистем. У роботі аналізуються узуальні та оказіональні фразеологічні одиниці з демінутивним та аугментативним компонентом в аспекті контекстуальної реалізації на матеріалі творів М. Стельмаха, О. Гончара, Є. Гуцала, П. Загребельного, Г. Тютюнника, О. Сизоненка, В. Шевчука. Запропоновано класифікацію основних способів трансформацій досліджуваних фразеологізмів у художніх текстах.

The dissertation is devoted to the complex analysis of Ukrainian phraseological units with the deminutive and augmentative components. The role of various types of deminutives and augmentatives in making metaphorical notions of phraseological units has been defined, semantic-grammatical, structural-grammatical systematizations of authentic material have been done. Semantic distribution and syntactic functions of phraseological units in sentence depend on their semantic-grammatical peculiarities. In the dissertation five semanticgrammatical classes of phraseological units with the deminutive and augmentative components: substantive, adjective, adverbial, verbal and interjective are separated. The analysis and classification of phraseological units with deminutive and augmentative components made it possible to model their major semantic, semanticgrammatical and structural-grammatical types and to define the specific features of this phraseological body at the background of all others. The work is also dedicated to the investigation and description of the complex ways of phraseological units (PU) function in fiction texts. Two ways in which phraseological units are used in artistic speech of O. Hontchar, H. Tyutyunnyk, P. Zahrebelniy, Y. Hutsalo, V. Shevchuk, M. Stelmakh, O. Syzonenko are determined on the basis of some factual material: 1) usual usage of phraseological units. Such PUs are classified by synonymic terms: panlingual, traditional, codified; 2) occasional usage of PU: transformation of combinability, semantics, form, structure. The positional factor of PU plays an important role in a narrow context. The preposition, interposition and postposition of PU concerning a narrow context have been fixed. Usual occasional PU make the author’s language more lively, and they are one of the methods used to give speech characterization of the characters in a work of fiction. Two main groups of transformations of PU (semantic and structural-semantic) are singled out in the work. It was determined that one of the main features of PU - semantic stability - is a relative feature. Semantic play on the potential lexical meanings of PU components in the specially created situational contextual conditions is based on the constant feature of PU - making their separate form. In V. Shevchuk’s, M. Stelmakh’s, O. Hontchar’s works of fiction two types of PU semantic transformation (semantic proper and the phenomenon of dual actualization) have been revealed. The material confirms that semantically transformed PUs always tit logically the contexts of the author’s fiction works being guided by their general language usage. It was stated that structurally semantic transformation of PU is determined by the change in grammar fonns of PU components, lexical substitution of their components, deviation from the traditional number of PU components. It is emphasized that the principle of contraction of PU component composition may be the basis of ellipsis, allusion, contamination in PUs. Broadening of PU component composition causes structurally semantic occasional changes in a phraseological unit, but not the appearance of a new PU, giving its image a more concrete expression. Phraseological ellipsis is one of the widely spread kinds of structurally semantic changes in PU in O. Hontchar’s and M. Stelmakh’s fiction. There are two definitely different kinds of ellipsis - ellipsiscontraction, ellipsis-compression. Ellipsized PU should be regarded as the author’s special stylistic individual method, caused by the author’s search for the necessary stylistic expressiveness: laconism, dynamism, strengthening of the utterance expressiveness. With phraseological allusion only the contents or the general image of a PIJ is used, while the entity of the unit doesn’t exist. To apprehend exactly the context and its aesthetic qualities one should know the traditional PU. A transformed PU in a specially organized context provokes an association with a traditional PU in a reader’s consciousness. Contamination of a PU is regarded as a combination of two or several PUs in one expression. In O. Hontchar’s and V. Shevchuk’s works of fiction PU contamination based on the semantic proximity and contamination of PUs different in meaning have been found. A contaminated PU combines in itself the meanings of the mixed PUs and thus it is functionally restricted, because it can be used only in a certain context with a certain stylistic purpose. Inversion, parcellation, distant positioning of components as for syntactic transformations of PU have been analyzed. The researched material allows to single out some combined ways of occasional changes of a PU in works of fiction by O. Hontchar, H. Tyutyunnyk, Y. Hutsalo, P. Zahrebelniy, V. Shevchuk, M. Stelmakh and O. Syzonenko: 1) complex substitution of components; 2) complex inversion of PU; 3) complex transformation of PU based on distant positioning of components; 4) complex contamination of PU. The stylistic effect of the combined way of PU transformations is achieved by accumulation of stylistic effects of corresponding simple occasional changes.

Диссертация посвящена комплексному анализу украинских фразеологических единиц с деминутивным и аугментативным компонентом. В работе определена роль разных типов деминутивов и аугментативов в создании переносных значений фразеологизмов. На основе анализа и классификации фразеологических единиц с деминутивным и аугментативным компонентом смоделированы их основные семантические, семантико-грамматические и структурно-грамматические типы, определена специфика данного фразеологического корпуса относительно других фразеологических микросистем. В работе анализируются узуальные и окказиональные фразеологические единицы с деминутивным и аугментативным компонентом в аспекте контекстуальной реализации на материале произведений М. Стельмаха, О. Гончара, Е Гуцало, П. Загребельного, Г. Тютюнника, А. Сизоненко, В. Шевчука. Предложена классификация основных способов трансформаций исследуемых фразеологизмов в художественных текстах.