Можливості та форми застосування коучингового підходу у роботі з адиктивними клієнтами

Abstract

У статті підіймається проблема неухильно зростаючого рівня вживання психоактивних речовин. Разом з тим, констатується факт нестачі в Україні психологів – фахівців по роботі з залежностями. Вихід з такого становища автор вбачає у застосуванні в роботі з адиктивними особами коучингового підходу. Визначено основні напрями його впровадження, за кожним з яких запропоновано систему відповідних вправ або тренінгів.

The article raises the issue of the steadily growing level of use of psychoactive substances in Ukraine and the world as a whole. However, numerous measures taken by governments and NGOs do not contribute to its solution. At the same time, the author notes the fact that Ukraine is extremely short of psychologists – specialists in working with addictions. On the other hand, the main staff of rehabilitation centers – counselors – despite all their desire to work are not allowed to provide psychological services to their clients. The author sees a way out of this situation in the application of the coaching approach in working with addictive individuals. This will increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation centers and individual consultations through more qualified work of counselors and synchronization of their effects with the psychotherapeutic actions of psychologists. The definition of coaching is given, its varieties are considered, their content is briefly analyzed. Based on the model of coaching developed in 1994 for people suffering from ADDH, it is concluded that it can be used to work with addicts. Based on the IPOD model of addiction therapy, the psychological content of each of its stages is analyzed, its features, goals and objectives are identified. Based on these data, the main areas of implementation of the coaching approach are identified: increasing motivation, organization of life and prevention of pathological urge to use. A system of appropriate exercises or trainings is proposed for each of these areas. Thus, to increase motivation for recovery, the client is taught to set goals and create a vision of life prospects. In the context of life organization, a set of life coaching tools and communication trainings is proposed. Exercises for relaxation, decision-making and others are provided for prevention of pathological urge to use. In addition, the article provides a brief overview of the program "7 skills of a recovering drug addict and alcoholic", which is based on a coaching approach.