Фізична підготовка каратистів на етапі спортивного вдосконалення

Abstract

У статті теоретично й експериментально обґрунтовано модель розвитку фізичних якостей каратистів в умовах тренувального процесу в спортивній школі. Вказується, що за показниками фізичної підготовленості в експериментальній групі результати вище, ніж у контрольній. Розвиток фізичних якостей у каратистів в тренувальному процесі забезпечує результативні показники фізичної підготовленості, що свідчить про доцільність застосування запропонованої моделі для вдосконалення процесу фізичної підготовки в спортивних школах.

Purpose: theoretically and experimentally substantiate the model of the development of physical qualities of karatekas in the conditions of the training process in a sports school. Material and methods: young men (25 people) of 10th - 11th grades of Lutsk secondary schools took part in the study. Research methods: data analysis of special scientific and methodical literature, pedagogical methods, methods of mathematical statistics. Results: each training block includes 3 test exercises that were included in the karate training process. First and after the block was included in the training process, the young men, who were engaged in the experimental group, performed tests, and the results were collected. The results of the conducted pedagogical experiment revealed the effectiveness of the proposed model for the development of physical qualities of karatekas in the training process. Analysis of the data characterizing the state of physical fitness and physical development allows us to state that there is a significant improvement in indicators in the experimental group as compared to the control group. The results obtained, both in general and with special physical fitness in the experimental group, show that significant differences are observed in the tests: "running in place with a high hip lift", "running from a high start to 30 meters", "bending forward from a position lying on his stomach”,“raising straight legs to the sides”, “raising straight arms up while lying on his stomach”, “shuttle”running 3x10 m, “jumping with 180º rotation”, “three forward turns while maintaining balance”. In terms of physical readiness indicators in the experimental group, the results are higher than in the control group. The increase in results in the test "running in place with a high hip lift" was 17.88 % in the experimental group, 6.6 % - in the control; in the test "running 30 meters" - 14.4 % - in the experimental group, in the control group - 4.8 %; in the test "lifting from parterre to standing" - 30.8 % - in the experimental group, 7.9 % - in the control; in the test "bending forward from a sitting position, legs apart" - 25.0 % - in the experimental group, 93.0 % in the control; in the test "dilution of straight legs to the sides" - 35.0 % in the experimental group, 17.4 % - in the control; in the test "raising arms up from a prone position" - 43.6 % in the experimental group, 19.7 % in the control group. These tests determined those physical qualities that were purposefully developed in the training process of the experimental group separately according to the developed block model of the development of physical qualities. In terms of physical development, significant differences are observed in the experimental group in the indicator - the strength of the right and left hand, where the increase in results is 7.9 %, respectively; in the control group, there is an increase in the indicator of the strength of the right hand - 1.3 %. Conclusions: training blocks are implemented in one of three parts of training sessions, depending on the quality being developed, based on the active use of the in-line method of motor actions fulfillment and includes specially selected complexes of test exercises aimed at speed, flexibility, dexterity. The development of physical qualities among karatekas in the training process provides effective indicators of physical fitness, testifies to the feasibility of using the proposed model to improve the process of physical training in sports schools.