Стан зовнішнього і фонаційного дихання у молодших школярів із тяжкими порушеннями мовлення

Abstract

В статті показано, що у дітей з тяжкими порушеннями мовлення поряд із розладами фонаційного дихання, а саме: слабкість та розсіяність повітряного струменя у 87%, стійкий стереотип патологічного дихання у 42% випадків, відзначається напруження у функції зовнішнього дихання (у 84% випадків), що безпосередньо відображається на якості продуктування мовлення.

The article shows the consequences respiratory dysfunction at children with severe speech disorders. They have substantial changes in the structure of the respiratory cycle, and it is undeniable importance in forming of functional stress from other systems of an organism including speech. In 55% of students with severe speech disorders is determined by short breath; 42% of children with severe speech disorders are smallest and decrease in tidal volume; in 20% of cases there is a tendency to restriction; in 15% of cases – a tendency to bronchial obstruction, and twice as many cases of tachypnea (22%) than their peers without speech disorders. Together with the state of stress as a function of spontaneous breathing marked disorder phonational breath, namely: delicacy and distracted air jet in 87% of cases, persistent stereotype pathological breathing in 42% of children with severe speech disorders. In such a way younger students with severe speech disorders have significant deviations in respiratory function, as it directly affects the state phonational breathing and voice quality of education. So, with a significant reduction in tidal volume is marked weakness of expiration, distraction jet expiration, impetus expiration, additional air transoms. Low reserve expiratory volume is displayed in phonational breath as follows: the power of the air jet is too weak, there is a desynchronization breath. Tendency to restrictive breathing in speech is reflected mainly in additional inspiration when speaking, inefficient air flow; purposefulness power air stream is typically not sufficient. A tendency to bronchial obstruction, we observed desynchronization of respiratory movements, the power of the air stream in most cases sufficient. But there is stable steriotip pathological breathing. Tachypnea is characterized in most cases, a weak power of the air stream, there is desynchronization breaths. Conducting research showed that younger students with severe speech disorders have significant deviation in respiratory function that directly reflected the state of speech respiration and phonation on quality.