Специфіка автобіографізму роману «Владимирия» Пантелеймона Куліша

Abstract

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей автобіографізму роману Пантелеймона Куліша «Владимирия». Визначено особливості трансформації особистого життя письменника – фактів і подій, що мали місце у житті самого письменника. Осмислено парадигму типів автобіографізму роману «Владимирия» – духовного та фактографічного, які реалізуються через психологічні рефлексії, релігійно-філософські роздуми, суспільні ідеї, історіософські коментарі автогероя-оповідача, виявлення авторської етнічної та етичної ідентичності.

The study of the autobiography of a writer is one of the urgent problems of world literary criticism, to which national science is involved in the study. Questions of transformation of the author’s own life into the fabric of artistic text are addressed by such scholars as O. Galich, T. Cherkashina, L. Serdiychuk, I. Starovojtova, A. Tsiapa, but this problem needs deeper analysis, because the problem of autobiography of Ukrainian writers remained unaddressed. Nineteenth century, including the typology of autobiography. In this context, it is important to understand the e-literary heritage of Panteleimon Kulish, the founder of the genre of artistic autobiography and autobiographical fiction of the 19th century. The autobiographical novel «Vladimiria» by P. Kulish has features of a confessional, philosophical, biographical, historical and psychological genre. The work features a complex composition: it is based on the memories of two heroes (the narrator and the protagonist) about personal life, which are closely intertwined with the search for the truth of being and the past of Ukraine, which emerges through excursions and reflections on the historical tragedy of the Motherland. Kulish indirectly presented the history of his spiritual pursuits: from youthful pursuit of life to the existential crisis of adulthood and the search for answers to the spiritual and historical existence of man and nation. Thus, the novel combines both types of autobiography - the spiritual, which is realized through psychological reflections, religious and philosophical reflections, social ideas, historical commentary of the auteur-narrator, and factual, presented through the history of his kind, retrospection of the childhood, the reproduction of childhood Red Rusia (Volyn and Halychyna), which confirms the main pathos of the writer’s autobiographical discourse: affirmation of Ukrainian-centrism as the basis of his own ethnic, ethical and artistic identification.