Доместикація та форенізація під час кіноперекладу

Abstract

Статтю присвячено двом основним видам перекладу фільмів: дублюванню та субтитруванню. Проаналізовано, зокрема, переваги та недоліки доместикації та форенізації як основних форм кіноперекладу.

Introduction. This article researches two main forms which help to translate films. There are domestication and foreignization. The topic of this article is rather high. Because we do not know exactly how to translate culture and traditi ons in films. Purpose. We must analyze two main types of translation in the film industry, and its forms: domestication and foregnization. It is necessary to find out the advantages and disadvantages of each form, to understand which form is used more often during the film translation. Methods. Descriptive method, method of contextual analysis and method of transformation analysis. Results. We have analyzed advantages and disadvantages of each form. Domestication is the strategy of making text closely conform to the culture of the language being translated to, which may involve the loss of information from the source text. Foreignization is the strategy of retaining information from the source text, and involves deliberately breaking the conventions of the target language to preserve its meaning. These forms have been considered for hundreds of years. But most of all domestication and foreignization were explored by Lawrence Venuti, an American translator. This article also paid attention to dubbing and subtitles. Foreignization is a form of the subtitles. Domestication is a form of the dubbing. Originality. The article also contains information about the translation of silent films. We investigated the translation at the time of sound films based on the film production companies in America and France. There is a great prospect of further development in this direction. Perhaps we must pay attention to whether these two forms can interact together. Conclusion. Translation of movies is extremely interesting and, at the same time, a difficult process. After working with a certain film, the translator should cooperate not only with words, sentences and whole paragraphs. He or she must understand the culture of a certain country; have background knowledge that would help him/her not t o lose the highlight that is contained in the film’s plot. Two main methods of translation and its two forms, domestication and foreignization, are two opposite branches. We believe that each spectator chooses which form will be useful for him or her.