Аксіологічні компоненти семантики метафор української поезії ХХ ст.

Abstract

У статті розглянуто особливості метафоризації концептів життя і смерть в мові української поезії ХХ ст. Визначено концептуальні метафори з реципієнтними зонами життя і смерть, з’ясовано їх походження та схарактеризовано напрями розгортання в досліджуваних джерелах. Установлено й описано соціокультурні чинники, які впливали на процеси метафоризації.

The article examines metaphor as a mental and lingual phenomenon that is directly connected with the value domain of an individual and an ethnos. Valuable in the Ukrainian culture are topics incorporating profound moral and worldview content that transcends a single epoch and outlines issues that have been on humanity’s agenda throughout its existence. Such, for example, are the themes of life and death widely presented in the Ukrainian poetry of the twentieth century. The present article intends to characterize axiological components of the semantics of the conceptual metaphors of life and death in the Ukrainian poetry of the twentieth century. Axiological components express the specific features of an ethnic group’s mode of thinking and worldview, and simultaneously demonstrate the universal nature of world outlook of a human being. Studying them allows to cognize more profoundly the specific features of the conceptual system of the Ukrainians, to identify value orientations of the ethnos, to find out the role of separate metaphors in Ukrainian poetry and in the overall life of the ethnos. The research outcome deepens the provisions of the theory of conceptual metaphor, and furnishes material for further linguocognitive and psycholin guistic research. Fundamental in the study of axiological components of the semantics of the conceptual metaphors of life and death was the theory of conceptual metaphor. The changes of lexico-semantic and/or grammatical structure of conceptual metaphor were deemed as conceptual metaphor dynamics. For a formalized and simplified presentation of conceptual metaphors and the study, on their basis, of the processes of derivative metaphor coining, main directions and means of metaphor deployment model, metaphoric modeling is employed in poetic texts. The article defines the conceptual metaphors of life and death with target domain, their origins are established, as well as deployment directions in sources under research and axiological semantics components are characterized. Sociocultural factors impacting metaphorization processes are identified and described.