Методичні особливості розвитку швидкості та швидкісно-силових здібностей у юних футболістів 10-13 років з урахуванням диференціації контингенту

Abstract

Розглянуто проблему управління фізичною підготовкою юних футболістів на початкових етапах спортивного удосконалення. Визначено динаміку розвитку швидкісних та швидкісно-силових здібностей спортсменів 10-13 років. Розроблено методичні рекомендації підвищення рівню швидкісної і швидкісно-силової підготовки футболістів зазначеної вікової групи з урахуванням диференціації контингенту.

The vast majority of developments in the elements of management of sports training is carried out on the basis of highly qualified athletes, while representatives of children's and youth football remain without proper methodological support. And the lack of the possibility of assessing the effectiveness of training and training activities and the differentiation of the contingent in terms of the level of speed and speed-strength preparedness, often causes overstrain of the functions of the muscular, cardiovascular and respiratory systems of representatives of the younger generation. This situation is caused, mainly, by the complexity of developing the above basic elements of management, both sports and physical training of football players, presupposes the availability of reliable information on the status of athletes in dynamics and roduction of complex methods of mathematical and statistical analysis. It was revealed that from 10 to 13 years, the growth volumes of the results of performance of both specific and common control exercises range from 6.1% to 22.3%. However, in all cases the greatest changes are recorded in the development of special physical abilities. The obtained own experimental data and introduction of the methods of mathematical statistics in the process of their analysis made it possible to calculate the three-level evaluation table for the development of high-speed and speed-strength abilities of young footballers who study at the previous and specialized stages of long-term sports training. The evaluation allows the differentiation of the contingent according to the level of preparedness, depending on the age and stage of sporting improvement, and also contributes to the possibility of making an on-line correction of pedagogical effects on children and adolescents, together with methodological recommendations for the implementation of special means, provides a scientific justification for the management of speed and speed-strength training players and reduces the likelihood of their functional overstrain.