Останні роки діяльності гімнастичного товариства «Сокіл» на Волині під час правління радянської влади

Abstract

В статті розкрито останні роки діяльності гімнастичного товариства «Сокіл» в роки радянської влади на Житомирщині. Відомо, що 31 травня 1922 року вийшов наказ начальника Центрального управління всеобучу УкрКриму, яким було заборонено діяльність гімнастичного товариства «Сокіл» та інших спортивних організацій. Представлено організаторів та членів правління гімнастичного товариства «Сокіл», які сприяли в подальшому розвитку фізичної культури і спорту на Житомирщині в довоєнні і післявоєнні роки.

The paper deals with the history, features and development of gymnastic society «Sokil» in Volyn. The purpose of the study is to explore the historical heritage of creation and activity of the gymnastic society «Sokil» in Volyn in 1910–1922. It expounds the role of gymnastic society which contributed to the development of physical culture and sports in Zhytomyr region and in the Volyn province. It is proved that Czechs in Zhytomyr and Kroshnia were the founders of gymnastic society «Sokil» in Volyn. The society started its activity in the city of Zhytomyr October 17, 1910 in the premises of high school. The activityof gymnastic society was especiall yintensifiedin June 1912 during the preparation for the First Slavicrally in Prague, devoted to the 50thanniversary of the foundation of society «Sokil». Research was conducted by examining the materials of the State Archives of Zhytomyr region, the regional museum, historical sources of the Regional Scientific Olzhych-Library, and personal archives of descendants of Czech immigrants in Ukraine. It was established that the role of gymnastic society «Sokil», which contributed to the development of physical culture and sports in the Volyn province had not been studied in the history of physical culture and sports. Unfortunately, the heroes of those events are no longer among us, their descendants are dead, important documents are lost which does not allow to completely establish the historical facts and events of those times. The idea of «Sokil» that originated in the Czech Republic has absorbed the best experience of all systems of body shaping that existed at that time in Europe and embraced many Slavic nations in the late nineteenth century. The elements of the activity of societies «Sokil» were teaching physical exercises, creation of theater groups, orchestras, libraries, fire brigades and so on.