Визначення рівнів біологічного розвитку учнів основної школи в процесі фізичного виховання з використанням інформаційних технологій

Abstract

У статті представлено автоматизований метод визначення біологічного віку за допомогою комп’ютерної програми «Здоров’я школяра». Біологічний вік визначався за методикою К. Хірата, яка основана на аналізі росто-вагових співвідношень тіла людини. Обстежено 266 учнів з них 144 дівчини та 122 хлопця віком від 10 до 14 років загальноосвітніх шкіл м. Харкова. В результаті дослідження було встановлено, що більшість дітей даної вікової групи випереджають свій паспортний вік.

It is well known that the rate of growth and development of the organism is subject to significant individual variations. Children of the same passport age can differ among themselves in a number of indicators. The existence of individual fluctuations in the growth and development of the human body served as the basis for the introduction of such a concept as the biological age. The issue of determining biological age in the process of physical education is topical, since it is important to group children according to the degree of their development for physical activity planning. At the same passport age of different individuals, the biological age of their organs, as well as individual functional systems, can be different. In practice, several methods are used to determine the biological age of children: by puberty (evaluation of the development of secondary sexual characteristics); bone maturity (including the order and timing of ossification of the skeleton) and dental maturity (characterized by the timing of eruption of dairy and permanent teeth). But the definition of biological age by these methods requires the involvement of medical workers and special equipment. Therefore, in our opinion the most convenient and informative is the method of determining the level of biological development of the organism, proposed by K. Hirata. It is based on an analysis of the growth-weight ratios of the human body. This method was used as the basis for our computer program "Schoolchild Health". A total of 266 students were studied, including 144 girls and 122 boys aged 10 to 14 years in general education school in Kharkov. In the course of the study, it was found that in a larger number of girls in the 5th and 6th grades of the control and experimental groups, physical development corresponds to an accelerated level of biological development. In more girls of the 7th grade of the control group, the average and accelerated level of biological development prevails. And in the 5th grade of the experimental group, more girls with an average level of biological development. In groups of children, the accelerated level of biological development prevails in a larger number of children of grades 5-6 of the control and experimental groups and in the 7th class of the control group. And in the 5th grade of the experimental group, more children with an average level of biological development.