Розглянуто роль занять плаванням серед дітей молодшого та середнього шкільного віку, що збігається з періодом базової багаторічної спортивної підготовки. Визначена вікова динаміка розвитку комплексу спеціальних фізичних здібностей хлопчиків 9-12 років, які спеціалізуються в плаванні. Розроблено основні параметри фізичних навантажень, спрямованих на підвищення рівня спеціальної фізичної підготовленості юних плавців.
Рассмотрена роль занятий плаванием среди детей младшего и среднего школьного возраста, что совпадает с периодом базовой многолетней спортивной подготовки. Определена возрастная динамика развития комплекса специальных физических способностей мальчиков 9–12 лет, которые специализируются в плавании. Разработаны основные параметры физических нагрузок, направленных на повышение уровня специальной физической подготовленности юных плавцов.
Identified the problem of lack of sports practitioners the basic mechanical devices for improving a specific motor activity that requires maximal activation of functional reserves of children not only in competition but also in the preparatory period. In addition, age-specific selection for different stages of sports training, which are the Foundation for the development of a multiyear strategy, as well as the content of methods of development of physical abilities of children, based on data collected almost a half-century ago and not true. Determined the existence of statistically significant dynamic processes in the development of special physical abilities of young athletes specializing in swimming at the preliminary and specialized phases of basic training. And without exception, all changes have a high confidence level is 0.001.
The largest increase of results was observed in the course of the assignment "slip", which characterizes the development of special performance of swimmers due to the formation of oxygen debt. During the implementation of tasks and the length of the distance swim from 9-10 to 11-12 years increased by 43.8 and 38.1%, respectively. Overcoming the 100-meter distance is reduced to 28.6%, while the growth performance swimming at 25 and 50 m is 17.3 and 19.4%, respectively; Developed on the basis of statistical data methodology of development of special physical abilities of boys in the swimming pool presupposes the existence of scientifically sound intensity, which is calculated within ± 0.5 δ, and volume of physical activity of a different nature. The proposed approach allows for differentiation of the contingent into three groups, and the aforementioned calculation corresponds to the average level of the special physical preparedness of young sportsmen. In addition to the proposed guidelines, which take into account the age characteristics of boys during exercise in the aquatic environment, submitted proposals provide guidance on the development of flexibility in the pool environment and provide scientific substantiation of the complex of pedagogical actions and reduces the likelihood of overstrain of the organism of young athletes.
