Застосування активних методів навчання в процесі теоретичної підготовки фахівців галузі фізичної культури і спорту

Abstract

У роботі подану класифікацію методів навчання, наведено особливості використання методів активного навчання, систематизовано переваги і недоліки використання активних методів навчання, а також представлено напрямки використання кейс-методу при викладанні учбових дисциплін з фізичного виховання і спорту.

In the article identified the directions of active learning methods in the theoretical preparation process of specialists in physical culture and sports. In this paper is given the classification of teaching methods, showed the advantages of active learning methods over traditional: facilitation of perception new material; usage the experience of the participants; availability to independently substantiate the information; demonstration variability making tasks; forming the ability to listen to each other. In the practice of preparation specialists in physical culture and sport gained widespread use case method, which is used to model certain situations that arise in the course of physical education teacher or coach from a kind of sport. In the distribution of students in the group work on case-method involves: clarifying problems and its hierarchy; formation of alternative solutions, listing the advantages and risk factors; evaluation of alternatives; the usage of alternatives and control; response training and presentation material. Discovered positive side of case method usage: possibility of each participant to compare their view with the view of other participants; actuality of the problems which are considered and their close relationship with professional experience of participants; high degree of involvement in active discussion. Presented risk factors in the application of case method: unsatisfactorily organized discussions may require too much time; it is possible not to get the desired result if the participants do not have the necessary knowledges and experience; high teacher qualification requirements. The article also presents directions of usage case method in teaching different subjects in physical education and sport. Usage of explanatory, illustrative, reproductive, heuristic, research, case method and problem teaching method allows to solve problems of creative and critical thinking of students, abilities to independently construct their knowledges and apply them to solve cognitive and practical tasks.