Биологические и психолого-педагогические проблемы обучения двигательным действиям

Abstract

Рассмотрены биологические и психолого – педагогические проблемы обучения двигательным действиям. Двигательные действия представляет собой весьма сложную совокупность процессов, затрагивающих психическую сферу человека, его опорно – двигательный аппарат и непосредственно связано с образованием нервной управляющей программы двигательного навыка.

The theoretical conception of modern physical culture is based on theses of two integrative disciplines: the theory of physical education and the theory of sport. Inspite of essential differencies at organization of aims for talented representatives of sport of higher achievements and for usual person which uses means of physical culture for improvement of personal physical culture at the conditions of practice each of them uses almost the same means and almost the same algorithms of their influences on an organism. A sportsman aspiring to glory at sport of higher achievements or a person obtaining high level of physical health at the conditions of physical culture are at the sphere of influence of united factor – specially formed moving action (physical exercise). Here moving action is as stress factor which has global or local influence on selected system as well as element of an organism; this factor provides a transition of an organism or its system (or systems) to more tensile work; it opens possible ranges of their function. All of them change both at the ontogenesis when a person naturally develops and under the influence of specially organized environmental factors; these factors are moving activities as systematic lessons of physical exercises and sport training. Totalities of muscular, bone, nervous tissues and functional systems of each person have own properties and tendencies of changing; at the same time these totalities are reasons of appearing abilities of person to reasonable order by opportunities of movements.

Розглянуті біологічні та психолого - педагогічні проблеми навчання рухових дій. Рухові дії є дуже складну сукупність процесів, які зачіпають психічну сферу людини, його опорно - руховий апарат і безпосередньо пов'язане з утворенням нервової керуючої програми рухової навички.