Особливості відбору юних працівників на початкових етапах багаторічного спортивного удосконалення

Abstract

Розглянуто проблему оздоровлення дітей і підлітків засобами плавання. Визначено вікову динаміку розвитку загальних і спеціальних фізичних здібностей хлопчиків 7-8 і 9-10 років, які займаються плаванням. Розроблено оціночну таблицю загальної й спеціальної фізичної підготовленості юних плавців для забезпечення науково обґрунтованого механізму відбору на початковий і попередній базовий етапи спортивної підготовки.

Рассмотрены проблемы оздоровления детей и подростков средствами плавания. Определена возрастная динамика развития общих и специальных физических способностей мальчиков 7-8 и 9-10 лет, которые занимаются плаванием. Разработана оценочная таблица общей и специальной физической подготовленности юных пловцов для обеспечения научно обоснованного механизма отбора на начальный и предварительный базовый этапы спортивной подготовки.

The article is theoretically proved the existence of problems in the system of selection swimmers at the initial stages of long-term sports training. The proposed solution by examining age peculiarities of development of physical abilities of boys and development of differentiated evaluation table. Conducted by ascertaining experiment and analysis of the results of the research, the development of General and special physical abilities of young swimmers showed the presence of the speakers of both General and special physical preparation. The data obtained that from 7-8 9-10 years, the largest increase among the results determine the status of the development of physical abilities has a metric pull that characterizes the power capabilities of boys, and the appropriate amount is 21.7%. It is assumed that this situation may be caused by systematic manifestation of muscular effort of the shoulder girdle in the process of implementing special physical exercises in the absence of effective techniques of movement on the water in children in the early stages. The length of the "sliding" during the initial stage of the long-sports perfection increased by 40.4%, which is the highest growth among all indicators. This indicator characterizes the status of the development of complex of special abilities swimmer, high level which significantly affects the outcome of competitive distance, regardless of its length and style of swimming through the coordination component and work swimmer in the conditions of oxygen debt. At the same time, the lowest growth rate is determined by the index Shuttle runs of 4.1%, which indicates the necessity of increasing the funds of mobile and sports games at the initial stage of sports training swimmers. The article also presents developed evaluation of General and special physical preparedness of young swimmers, the implementation of which enables the selection of primary and pre-basic stages of long-term improvement. Promotes the implementation of a differentiated approach to the training process, which can improve the efficiency of management of sports training and avoid unilateral technical and functional fitness boys in the period of active biological and mental development.