Дисертація присвячена комплексному дослідженню нацистського
окупаційного режиму на території Житомирсько-Вінницького регіону (в
генеральному окрузі «Житомир») у 1941–1944 рр. Робота базується на широкій
літературно-джерельній базі. У дисертації здійснено аналіз особливостей
встановлення військової й цивільної окупаційних адміністрацій, гітлерівської
карально-репресивної системи, формування органів допоміжної адміністрації.
Проаналізовано акції окупантів зі знищення місцевого населення і
військовополонених, нацистські колонізаційні проекти та міжнаціональні
відносини в регіоні. Досліджено специфіку експлуатації аграрно-промислової
сфери захоплених територій, трудових мобілізаційних кампаній, проблему
медичного обслуговування, соціального захисту, повсякденно-побутове життя та
настрої населення. Розглянуто діяльність українського національного й
радянського рухів опору. Вивчено широкий спектр питань, пов’язаних із
соціокультурними процесами та пропагандою на окупованій території.
The thesis for a Doctor’s scientific degree in historical sciences, speciality
07.00.01 – History of Ukraine. – National M. P. Dragomanov Pedagogical
University. – Kyiv, 2016.
The thesis examines a complex research of the German occupation regime in the
Zhytomyr and Vinnytsia Region (Zhytomyr general district) in 1941–1944. The current
state of the problem under consideration is defined. It is noted that no special research
of the problem has been conducted in the field of historiography. At the same time,
bibliographical information sources analyzed (published and unpublished documents,
memoirs, Second World War periodicals, Internet resources) are sufficient enough, both
in content and in character, for disclosing the main objectives of the thesis. Relevant
theoretical and methodological bases also contribute to the research.
It is defined in the thesis that at the beginning of the Nazi occupation the
Zhytomyr region and a part of the Vinnytsia region as well as adjacent areas of Bilorus
were included into Zhytomyr general district. Simultaneously military occupation
administration, Ukrainian supporting administration and the local police units were
formed. In late autumn of 1941 civil occupation administration was ratified in the region. It began to exterminate nationalist aspirations and took full control of supporting
administrations and the police. Moreover, Nazi punitive and repressive system was
established in Zhytomyr general district.
The research specifies that Nazi national policy was aimed at physical
extermination of the Jews, the Romani, and partially Slavs, including Ukrainians, Red
Army prisoners of war. During Nazi eastward expansion particular importance was
given to Volksdeutsche. Thus, colonies Hegewald and Fӧrsterstadt were designated on
the territory of the Zhytomyr and Vinnytsia Region, which were characterized by
multinational population and generally tolerant relations, if not to consider
Volksdeutsche.
It is reviewed in the investigation that the German economical and colonial policy
was directed to totally exploit the agricultural and industrial potential of the occupied
territory. The local population was forced to pay numerous taxes, work whithin the
region and in Germany, do seasonal agricultural work in the east of Reichskommissariat
Ukraine. The daily life of the population was characterized by total control by the Nazi
authorities, and shortages of food, medical supplies and daily essentials. Low-income
residents were supported by specialized social security departments of supporting
administrations and charity organizations. Nazi occupation policy affected the mood of
the inhabitants of the region. It evolved from mostly positive or neutral attitude to
Germans to entirely negative perception of the regime as their main enemy. The thesis states that during 1941–1944 Ukrainian independence, Soviet partisan
and underground movements were active in the region. Starting with a short-term
collaboration with Germany against the communist regime, by the end of 1941 National
resistance movement went to fight a two-front war. In spring 1943, the propagandist
struggle against both Stalin and Hitler totalitarian systems was supplemented by
Ukrainian Insurgent Army units. Nazi security service repressions of the local
population in 1941–1942 also resulted in the growth of Soviet partisan and underground
movements.
It is defined in the research that the revival of cultural life in the Zhytomyr and
Vinnytsia Region started with the German occupation. That became possible due to
Ukrainian independence movement, the representatives of which regarded culture as a
means of raising national awareness and spreading the ideas of the Ukrainian state.
However, Nazi authorities, having just started repression against nationalists, allowed
limited existence of some forms of culture aimed at providing leisure activities for
Germans. Systematic propagandist anti-Soviet and anti-Jewish campaigns were held in
the region. During the whole period of German occupation in the Zhytomyr and
Vinnytsia Region the historical and cultural values of local archives, libraries and
museums were plundered by the Nazi.
Диссертация на соискание научной степени доктора исторических наук
по специальности 07.00.01 – история Украины. – Национальный
педагогический университет имени М. П. Драгоманова. – Киев, 2016.
Диссертация посвящена комплексному исследованию нацистского
оккупационного режима на территории Житомирско-Винницкого региона (в
генеральном округе «Житомир») в 1941–1944 гг. Работа основывается на широкой
литературно-источниковедческой базе. В диссертации проведен анализ
особенностей установления военной и гражданской оккупационных
администраций, гитлеровской карательно-репрессивной системы, формирования
органов вспомогательной администрации. Проанализировано акции оккупантов
по уничтожению местного населения и военнопленных, нацистские
колонизационные проекты и межнациональные отношения в регионе.
Исследовано специфику эксплуатации аграрно-промышленной сферы
захваченных территорий, трудовых мобилизационных кампаний, проблему
медицинского обслуживания, социальной защиты, повседневно-бытовую жизнь и
настроение населения. Рассмотрено деятельность украинского национального и
советского движений сопротивления. Изучено широкий спектр вопросов,
касающихся социокультурных процессов и пропаганды на оккупированной
территории.
