В статье рассматривается проблема подготовки будущих учителей музыкального искусства к дирижерско-хоровой деятельности, усовершенствования их дирижерской техники. Очерчены основные методы воспитания дирижерской техники, психологические аспекты работы руководителя с хоровым коллективом, рассмотрены элементы системы взаимодействия дирижера с хором
The article focuses on proving the formation of practical skills of conducting and choral activities of future music teachers, in the process of which musical abilities, thinking and taste, practical vocal and choral mastery develop.
Communication with vocal and choral collective takes place through conducting technique. Conducting technique is conductors’ mastering of gestures system which provides clear expression of their artistic ideas understandable to choir and their ability to direct the performance.
Students of music teaching faculties of higher educational institutions are taught conducting techniques at choral conducting classes during all years of their study.
When teaching conducting techniques, in most cases, teachers explain hands settings as a complex of certain techniques which students should be taught, focusing more on the exterior setting. In the case if the internal factor, which is education of conscious muscular freedom, is not considered, wrong program of gestures can be formed in the process of hands setting. Method of conscious training of movement freedom in conducting pedagogy, based on self-perception and self-knowledge, has not taken a meaningful place in the system of conductor training yet.
The inclusion of emotional and auditory areas in the process of music plastic expression is the obligatory condition of conducting techniques training. Graduate students should be able to conduct, focusing on auditory imagery. This ability is worked out by means of auditory - muscular method of conducting techniques training, which is based on the necessity of establishing links between hearing and conductor apparatus to train hands to perceive volitional hearing orders perfectly and to follow them.
In the process of interaction conductors not only give commands to choir, but are also involved in the process of their implementation, actively help artists fulfill their common creative plans using correction and control actions. This is the method of conscious conductor - performers’ interaction. Realization of the desired result as a creative artistic purpose of the entire conducting system is a direct consequence of conductor - performers’ interaction.
