Роль студентського самоврядування у формуванні національної еліти України : політико-культурний контекст

Abstract

Дослідження присвячене системному аналізу студентського самоврядування як виду громадського самоврядування, наділеного значним потенціалом виховання лідерських якостей, громадянської позиції, демократичної політичної культури молоді. У дослідженні набуло подальшого розвитку теоретико-методологічне вивчення інструментальних можливостей студентського самоврядування у контексті політико-культурного розвитку студентства на етапі трансформації соціально-політичної системи України. Поглиблено дослідження засобів формування нової національної еліти в Україні. Наголошено, що сучасні демократичні оновлення вплинули на склад владної еліти, її цінності, що породжує запит на розвиток нових технологій формування еліт, зокрема використовуючи потенціал студентського самоврядування. Проаналізовано проблематику функціонального призначення та спроможності студентського самоврядування як інституту розвитку українських ВНЗ та об’єктивної умови входження України до європейського простору вищої освіти. Досліджено сучасні практики студентського самоврядування, переосмислено їх потенціал та стан ресурсного забезпечення як механізмів реалізації державної молодіжної політики.

The scientific paper is dedicated to the system analysis of the student selfgovernance as one of types of public self-governance comprising significant potential regarding inculcation of leadership features, a civic point of view, and democratic political culture in the youth. The author of the dissertation does the conceptual analysis of instrumental opportunities of the student self-governance in the context of formation of the social and political activity of the youth, interpretation of a problem related to formation of democratic competencies of the students under conditions of transformation of the Ukrainian social and political system. The author theoretically and methodologically enhances the analysis of mechanisms of formation of the new national elite in Ukraine and concludes that the contemporary democratic renovations have influenced the content and values of the ruling elite. This process engenders demand for new means of the elite generation, one of which is the student self-governance. Specification of the student self-governance sense is cognitively significant. The student self-governance is a process of real participation of studying persons in management and supervision of an activity of studentship in conjunction with all the managerial bodies of a higher educational establishment as well as a leading factor of educational activity activation, inculcation of leadership and organizational features, a social activity, civil responsibility and consciousness, harmonic development of a future professional, and the basis of democracy expansion and enhancement of the role of the higher school as a social system. The author emphasizes that unification of forms and directions of activities of the student self-governance bodies is inexpedient, because they are determined by the very students in compliance with the self-dependence nature of the student selfgovernance. The research enhances an assertion on appropriateness of the sociocultural approach to development of democratic values and competences of the youth on the basis of the student self-governance means. Indication of stages, levels, criteria, figures of development of the leadership features, and the most effective organizational forms of the student self-governance are of considerable importance for gnosiological knowledge. Determination of the role of the student self-governance in formation of the national elite, namely consolidating, organizational, interactional, selective, managerial, competent, and professional ones, is sequentially logical. The author of the dissertation highlights the following main problems of functioning of the student organizations in Ukraine: absence of durable experience of functioning under conditions of independence; restricted comprehension of functional nature of the student self-governance bodies; low quality of work; formalism and fictitious nature of the bodies; illusion of dependence on managerial staff of a higher educational establishment; absence of traditions and practice of transfer of useful experience under conditions of rapid employee turnover; deficit of charismatic leaders; disconnection at the state level. However, at the level of particular higher educational establishments work of the student self-governance bodies, namely in National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, has been evaluated approvingly, since the establishments pay attention to inculcation of leadership features in the youth. The scientific paper considers normative contradictions of the legislative support of the student self-governance bodies in modern Ukraine. The author thoroughly analyzes institutional opportunities of the student selfgovernance as an instrument of realization of the state youth policy and estimates the organizational and innovational framework of the student self-governance as a measure of formation of the domestic political and cultural environment. The author offers a set of recommendations regarding a social and practice aspect of development of the student self-governance in Ukraine, which are as follows: implementation of a system of training education for student leaders; expanding economic opportunities of the student organizations; projecting a development strategy of the student self-governance at the state, regional, and higher educational establishment levels; providing effective control of the Ministry of Education and Science over observance of rights for co-management, which belonged to the student self-governance, by managerial staff of a higher educational establishment.