У дисертаційній роботі здійснено комплексний аналіз вербалізованих в українській мові ментальних одиниць ‘СВІЙ’ і ‘ЧУЖИЙ’, що перебувають у відношеннях бінарної опозиції і представляють фундаментальний фрагмент української мовної свідомості; з’ясовано особливості їхньої структурної організації, співвідношення образних, інформаційних (поняттєвих) та ціннісних складових; описано мовні одиниці, які прямо чи опосередковано вербалізують ментальну інформацію, закладену в концептах; побудовано словесну модель номінативного поля концептів ‘СВІЙ’ і ‘ЧУЖИЙ’, виявлено когнітивні ознаки, експліковані мовними засобами в межах їхніх ядерних, приядерних і периферійних ділянок; схарактеризовано ціннісне наповнення та роль вербалізаторів концептів ‘СВІЙ’ і ‘ЧУЖИЙ’ в українській мовній картині світу; з’ясовано особливості функціонально-прагматичної реалізації концептуальної опозиції ‘СВІЙ’ – ‘ЧУЖИЙ’ в українській мовній картині світу як її базового регулятивного фрагмента.
The dissertation introduces complex analysis of verbalized concepts ‘OWN’ and ‘STRANGER’. These concepts are in a relationship of binary opposition and fundamental pieces of Ukrainian language consciousness. The analysis is accomplished on the basis of three types of data – lexicographical, statistical and experimental. It showed the best features of concepts functioning at different stages of the Ukrainian language model of the world. Implementation mechanism of the opposition in the Ukrainian consciousness is determined by three factors: ontological circumstances, principles of cognitive and linguistic ways of expressing the separation of reality into ‘own’ and ‘stranger’.
The work considers particular structure of concepts, the ratio of their imaginative, information and value component. In the Ukrainian language model of the world structure of concepts ‘OWN’ and ‘STRANGER’ is triple. The image is associated with the mode of understanding reality and it is cognitive. The information element generates information about the reality that captures the national consciousness. Values component demonstrates the cultural significance of concepts. The presence of these three components in the structure of concepts determines the nature of their relationship with language, culture and human consciousness.
The dissertation contains a description of linguistic units – verbalizators of a mental information of concepts. The concept ‘OWN’ in the Ukrainian language model of the world contains terms of ‘ownership’, ‘kinship’ and ‘spiritual unity’. These cognitems are very persistent in the national consciousness. Their value and the information structure have been preserved at all stages of the Ukrainian language model of the world. Information basis of the concept ‘STRANGER’ is in the notion of ‘spatial mismatch’, ‘uncertainty’ and ‘spiritual difference’. This demonstrates the fundamental disparity between the cognitive characteristics of binary opposition members.
The verbal model of the nominative organization of concepts ‘OWN’ and ‘STRANGER’ has been described, the cognitive signs have been defined, the characteristic values and rolls verbalizators of concepts in the Ukrainian language model of the world have been investigated. The core of concept ‘OWN’ forms the basic segments ‘ownership’, ‘kinship’ and ‘spiritual unity’. These cognitems are very stable for the national language consciousness. They maintaines information and value structure at all stages of the Ukrainian language model of the world. Cognitems ‘own space’, ‘own faith’ and ‘own language’ are near the core. These components have no personal ways of implementing in the Ukrainian language. Lexical units ‘usually’, ‘habitual’ and ‘normal’ are on the periphery. These units do not have a direct lexical meaning ‘OWN’, but they are able to express it in context and through synonymization with key words in the corresponding syntagmatic relations.
The information structure of the concept ‘STRANGER’ does not match the structure of the concept ‘OWN’. The core of concept ‘STRANGER’ forms the basic segments ‘spatial mismatch’, ‘uncertainty’ and ‘spiritual difference’. The cognitem ‘uncertainty’ is unique in the Ukrainian language consciousness. This unit represents the cognitive mechanism of conceptualization based on the lack of communication with the subject of denotation. Cognitems ‘another’s property’, ‘unrelated’, ‘foreign language’ and ‘other faith’ are near the core and have no personal ways of implementing in the Ukrainian language. Lexical units ‘strange’, ‘unusual’, ‘abnormal’, ‘strange’ are on the periphery.
The difference between information components adds the discrepancy of the value organization of the concepts ‘OWN’ – ‘STRANGER’. Awareness of ‘OWN’ objects in the Ukrainian language model of the world is represented as positive or neutral. Awareness of ‘STRANGER’ objects in the Ukrainian language model of the world is represented as negative, neutral and positive.
The dissertation contains an analysis of functional and pragmatic implementation of the conceptual opposition ‘OWN’ – ‘STRANGER’ in the Ukrainian language model of the world as its basic fragment. This binary opposition is manifested in the categories „ singularity / plurality”, „definiteness / indefiniteness” and in the linguistic cultural types. Use of these categories in the language contributes to the alienation of denotate that the speaker believes alien.
