Методика навчання біології як загальноосвітньої дисципліни з використанням мультимедійних засобів у коледжі

Abstract

Дисертацію присвячено проблемі використання мультимедійних засобів у вищих навчальних закладах І-ІI рівнів акредитації у процесі навчання біології як загальноосвітньої дисципліни. Представлено результати аналізу психолого-педагогічної, методичної літератури, постанов та нормативних документів Кабінету Міністрів України, Міністерства освіти і науки, молоді та спорту України, програм міжнародних організацій з даної теми. Розроблено курс навчальних мультимедійних лекцій "Біологія", який відповідає особливостям вивчення даної навчальної дисципліни у коледжі, також методичні рекомендації для викладачів та поради щодо створення власних мультимедійних занять. Експериментальна перевірка ефективності застосування дослідної методики дає право стверджувати, що курс мультимедійних лекцій ..Біологія" сприяє мінімізації стресу, психологічного навантаження на студента, полегшенню вивчення курсу, підвищенню рівня якості знань останніх та розвиває їх навики роботи з комп’ютерними технологіями.

The research topic of the thesis is the general biology multimedia lectures course for the students of Ukrainian colleges who are studying biology as a secondary school subject in order to obtain the certificate of the complete secondary education. The thesis consists of three parts. The first one is the analyses of various sources of pedagogical, methodological, biological, psychological, legislative, executive information in order to obtain the up to date situation of the multimedia integration level into the global education system as well as the one of Ukraine. In this chapter the author is describing the modern ways of using and involving computers in the sphere of education, the opportunities which computers provide (Internet technologies, databases, video conferences, distance education, etc.). The chapter contains the existing world examples of involving multimedia in teaching process. Among the leading countries it is possible to point out: South Korea. The United States of America, Japan and France. According to latest data, India is providing school courses, based on multimedia technologies, for the 15-16 years old students, sponsored by the government of the state. To underline the necessity of governmental and sponsors’ donations we could say that the average cost of the singe project is two million euros. The author is providing the detailed analyses of pedagogical and methodological sources of Ukrainian. Russian and foreign scholars, their ideas and points of view, theories and classifications invented by them. For those who are not confident is their user’s skills the author is providing the list of educational computer studying programs, provided by Ukrainian government, designed especially for practicing teachers and professors. Also at the end of this part the author describes the results of own research, based on various interview, questioners, conversations with students and professors, about their attitude, the level of experience in using multimedia in studying and teaching activities as well as their everyday life. The second chapter is dedicated to multimedia technologies in education (mostly in biology). There is a short review of multimedia methodological researches, which is done is a form of tips, advises, the way the multimedia should be used in the sphere of education. The helpful and profession advice about the practical creation and usage of multimedia presentations are done by the American collaborators R. Mayer and C. Atkinson. Unfortunately, there are not enough ready to use educational (biology) software in Ukraine, those which exist were designed for the secondary schools curriculum and cannot be used in colleges (the quantity of biology studying hours in college is more than three times less, then in secondary schools). Actually, there is a deep lack of biological software (especially comparing to the number of those from mathematics or physics). Those existing they have very low quality (images, videos, graphics), poor design, and the total infringement and neglecting of multimedia design requirements. In order to solve this problem we have designed and created the set of biology multimedia lectures especially for colleges (based on college biology program, covering all the necessary topics, containing extra chapters of control questions and assignments; dictionary; links. The name of the experimental multimedia course is "Biology”. The example of the lesson, based on multimedia, could be checked also in this part of the thesis. Also, there are practical advises for the teachers about the way to create, design, use, and work with multimedia’s software on the pages of the thesis. The Microsoft PowerPoint considered as the software with fast and easy access, because it is a part of Microsoft Office package the basic software for any personal computer. Apple or smartphones, as well as the one easy and efficient to work with. The third chapter is the experimental checking and mathematical proof of the designed multimedia set efficiency. The experiment took place in Ukrainian colleges involving a bit more than eight hundred students, four hundred of them has been studying the biology with the our multimedia course. The result data show that the experimental groups’ students were mastering the information faster and with the better marks then those ones from the control groups (who has not been using multimedia lectures). That proves that the research model has been chosen correctly and could be used in educational establishments or as the auxiliary one for the personal needs of students.

Диссертация посвящена изучению проблемы использования мультимедийных технологий в высших учебных заведениях 1-11 уровней аккредитации в процессе обучения биологии как общеобразовательной дисциплины. В работе представлены результаты анализа психолого-педагогической, методологической литературы, указов и нормативных актов Кабинета Министров Украины, Министерства образования и пауки, молодежи и спорта Украины, программ международных организаций но данной теме. Разработан курс учебных мультимедийных лекций “Биология", который полностью соответствует особенностям изучения данного предмета в колледже. Разработаны методические рекомендации преподавателям по работе как уже с существующими программами, так и по созданию собственных занятий. Эффективность использования предлагаемой методики проверена экспериментально, это дает право утверждать, что курс мультимедийных лекций “Биология" помогает минимизировать стресс, психологическое давление на студента, способствует облегчению изучения дисциплины и повышению уровня знаний студентов и их навыков работы с компьютерами.