Методика розвитку силових якостей у студентів вищих навчальних закладів засобами пауерліфтингу

Abstract

У дисертації розкрито шляхи підвищення ефективності процесу з фізичного виховання студентів за рахунок впровадження силових видів фізкультурно-оздоровчої діяльності. Досліджено мотиваційно-ціннісне ставлення студентів до фізичного виховання та інтерес до занять пауерліфтингом. Розроблено і теоретично обґрунтовано методику розвитку силових якостей у студентів засобами пауерліфтингу на основі індивідуального підходу. Зміст методики спрямований на пріоритетний розвиток силових якостей (максимальну силу, швидкісну силу та силову витривалість), покращення функціонального стану, підвищення загальної фізичної підготовленості, формування мотивації до систематичних занять пауерліфтингом та оволодіння технікою виконання силових вправ з пауерліфтингу. Визначено алгоритм застосування пауерліфтингу в освітньому процесі фізичного виховання не лише для розвитку силових якостей, а як засобу формування фізкультурно-оздоровчих компетентностей студентської молоді. Запропоновано педагогічні умови підвищення ефективності розвитку силових якостей у студентів засобами пауерліфтингу та критерії оцінювання готовності до життєздатності студентів, які займаються пауерліфтингом, у процесі фізичного виховання. Експериментально доведено ефективність застосування пауерліфтингу у силовій підготовці студентської молоді та формуванні готовності до життєдіяльності у процесі фізичного виховання.

В диссертации раскрыты пути повышения эффективности процесса по физическому воспитанию студентов за счет внедрения силовых видов физкультурно-оздоровительной деятельности. Исследована мотивационноценностное отношение студентов к физическому воспитанию и интерес к занятиям пауэрлифтингом. Разработана и теоретически обоснована методика развития силовых качеств у студентов средствами пауэрлифтинга на основе индивидуального подхода. Содержание методики направлено на приоритетное развитие силовых качеств (максимальную силу, скоростную силу и силовую выносливость), улучшение функционального состояния, повышение общей физической подготовленности, формирование мотивации к систематическим занятиям пауэрлифтингом и овладения техникой выполнения силовых упражнений по пауэрлифтингу. Определен алгоритм применения пауэрлифтинга в образовательном процессе физического воспитания не только для развития силовых качеств, а как средство формирования физкультурно-оздоровительных компетенций студенческой молодежи. Предложены педагогические условия повышения эффективности развития силовых качеств у студентов средствами пауэрлифтинга и критерии оценки готовности к жизнеспособности студентов, занимающихся пауэрлифтингом, в процессе физического воспитания. Экспериментально доказана эффективность применения пауэрлифтинга в силовой подготовке студенческой молодежи и формировании готовности к жизнедеятельности в процессе физического воспитания.

The dissertation research highlights the relevance of the problem of improving the current system of physical education in higher educational establishments. The theoretical and methodological foundations of the introduction of powerlifting tools in the educational process from physical education are revealed. The first chapter, titled "Theoretical and methodological features of the development of students' strengths in the process of physical education" explores, first of all, the innovative directions of improving the process of physical education in higher educational establishments. It is revealed that one of the ways to improve this process is to increase the motivation of students to systematic physical exercises due to the introduction of new types of sports and health motor activities in the educational process of higher educational facilities. The implementation of this approach implies that the physical education system must meet the modern requirements and international standards of physical preparedness of a person, the formation of a well-developed personality, optimization of the physical and physiological state of student youth in the process of vocational training. Secondly, the first chapter highlights modern approaches to the development of student youth's power qualities. It is revealed that one of the essential reasons for the low efficiency of the physical and fitness process is the imperfection of the system, which is designed for the realization of different directions in physical activity, such as physical education, sports, recreational, rehabilitation, and professionally applied physical training, which do not meet the socio-economic conditions of life of modern student youth. It was determined that it is powerlifting among a variety of power sports that helps to solve the mentioned above problem because powerlifting has a number of advantages, such as economic feasibility, simplicity of competitive exercises, accessibility to conducting classes, extensive wellness, and training orientation. Third, the first chapter outlines the role and importance of powerlifting as a means of developing students' strengths during the physical education process. It is proven that athletic exercises in powerlifting (which is also known as power triathlon) are popular with student youth. A wide choice of exercises allows to conduct high-density training, to improve physical fitness, functional state and work capacity of students, to develop all groups of muscles, to effectively solve problems of formation and correction of body structure, to form moral and volitional qualities, and to improve sports performance. Fourth, the chapter highlights the organizational and methodological aspects of powerlifting training planning in higher educational establishments. It is established that in the process of physical education the use of weight training requires the development of an individual program of strength development for each student; during the initial preparation phase, the main focus should be concentrated on technical and general physical training, while the study and improvement of the technique powerlifting exercises performance is facilitated by the repeated performance of exercises with different weights on the bar. The second chapter, which is titled "Theoretical background of the methodology in the development of students' power qualities during powerlifting training in higher educational establishments," discloses the methodology, scientific methods, and organization of research. For the realization of pre-established tasks, it was selected theoretical, empirical, and experimental research methods. Theoretical approaches were used to formulate the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study. This ensured the analysis and generalization of the results obtained when solving the tasks. Empirical research methods were used to determine the general health and well-being of students. The background of educational activities is based on the formation of students' motivational, cognitive, and activity components. The motivational component provided an increase in the students' educational, motivational, and value attitude to the means of powerlifting, creation of a microenvironment that developed the students' interests and motives for active involvement in power exercises. The cognitive component involved the formation of a knowledge system and guidelines for mastering the exercises. The basis of the activity component was the training of students' skills for independent organization and conduct of powerlifting training sessions. The third chapter, titled "Experimental verification of the method's efficiency in the development of students' power qualities during powerlifting training sessions in higher educational establishments," developed the criteria for assessing the readiness of students-powerlifters for life. The implementation of the methodology for the development of power qualities also ensured the formation of knowledge among students about the expedient use of powerlifting exercises during the educational and training sessions. The analysis of the students' physical fitness indicators after a formative pedagogical experiment showed the high efficiency of the developed methodology. In all tests that evaluated the fitness preparedness of students, the participants in the experimental group significantly improved their scores. The most substantial results were obtained in 100 meters sprint, long jumps, push-ups, chin-ups, and lifting of the body in sitting position during one minute (P<0,05). It is also highlighted the content of motivational, cognitive, and activity criteria of the students' fitness competence in the experimental group. In general, the evaluation of the efficiency of the method of development of power qualities in students by means of powerlifting confirmed the significant improvement of the indicators of physical development, functional, special physical and technical preparedness, availability of the formed fitness and health competences.