У статті розглянуто підходи до розвитку ключових фізичних якостей лікаря − спритності й витривалості − та їх зв'язок із психофізіологічними складовими професійної придатності. Проаналізовано методи розвитку загальної та мануальної спритності, а також загальної, швидкісної, силової, координаційної та інших видів витривалості. Акцентується увага на тому, що формування спритності та витривалості підвищує не тільки ефективність роботи лікаря, а і його опір шкідливим впливам професії та слугує для зниження ризику серцево-судинних захворювань.
In this work, we discuss the approaches aimed at improvement of dexterity and endurance, which are the key physical abilities of the physician, as well as their linkages with psychophysiological requirement to a health care professional. We analyze the methods to develop a body and manual dexterity, general speed, strength and other types of endurance. We also emphasize the importance of dexterity and endurance for the
physician’s ultimate efficiency, resistance to the unfavorable professional factors and decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, a doctor of any specialty needs such qualities as the mobility of nervous processes; coordination of movements and muscle efforts; the ability to withstand long-term stress, the body's resistance to adverse environmental influences; emotional stability and will, concentration of attention, self-control, determination, resilience. Doctors of most specialties constantly experience acute and chronic stress states related to their professional activities, the most common of
which are the development of emergency conditions in patients, the constant pressure of responsibility for the health and lives of patients, the mismatch of the efforts expended with moral and material rewards, etc. Medical education makes high demands on the physical training of future doctors. From the point of view of the peculiarities of the physical activity of the doctor, it makes sense to consider two directions: direct manipulation or operations on the patient's body and purely intellectual activity related to the clarification of the clinical situation, the choice of diagnostic and treatment tactics. However, in everyday activities it is often difficult to separate manual and intellectual activities.
