Фізична підготовленність велосипедистів 13 та 14 років по типу статури на другому етапі спортивної спеціалізації

Abstract

В статті представлено результати дослідження та порівняльний аналіз функціонального стану, рівня фізичної підготовленості велосипедистів 13 та 14 років за обраним видом спорту − ВМХ-Racing протягом двох років. Метою роботи явилося визначення змін функціональних показників та фізичних якостей велосипедистів 13 та 14 років спеціалізації ВМХ-Racing протягом двох років. Встановлено рівень швидкісних та швидкісно-силових якостей, витривалості і функціонального стану підлітків 13-14 років за морфотипом спеціалізації ВМХ-Racing.

To development of physical culture and sport in Ukraine for years independence an increase attention basic direction of that are certain at Having a special purpose Complex to Program "Physical education Health of nation" is spared. As one of basic tasks in her is certain increase of authority of Ukraine in the world through high sport results on the most competitions of contemporaneity (Olympic games, World and Europe Cups). On this time, in connection with the permanent increase of sport results and competition that became sharp on the competitions of different level in Bicycle Motocross (ВМХ), the problem of adaptation of organism of bicyclists to the specific loading on the second stage of sport specialization of training becomes more actual. On this time, in connection with the permanent increase of sport results and competition that became sharp on the competitions of different level in Bicycle Motocross (ВМХ), the problem of adaptation of organism of bicyclists to the specific loading on the second stage of sport specialization of training becomes more actual. Together with it, questions that touch research of the special physical preparedness of young sportsmen on the second stage of sport specialization, especially in the extreme types of the cycle racing are practically absent, that is why the issue of the day of sport preparation is. In works of D.A. Polishchuk, V.M. Platonov it is shown that at planning of specific physical activities caseinsensitive morphology and function features it not maybe prognosis a sport result in select to the type of sport. The stormiest processes of sexual development of teenager flow in a period ripening, where in the sexual ripening transformations as a result of that pass in an organism, a teenager becomes the grown man. The special value is acquired by influence of the specific loading on development all the function and systems of young organism, especially in the extreme types of bicycle sport. In the same time, it is impossible without the scientific going near organization of purposeful training process, and, also case-insensitive individual anatomy and physiology features of young organism, to attain high sport results. This position has the special value in the training process of young sportsmen, as a training loading, especially in the cyclic types of sport, bicycle sport behaves to that, very considerable. In this connection, research of the morphology and function systems of young bicyclists, that is specialized in ВМХ will allow this problem is deeper considered, and the results of researches to recommend trainers for the construction of training plans. During two years of employments by us certain dynamics of general indexes of physical qualities of bicyclists 13 and 14 years, where increased on 11,2 turns (t=1,53; р>0,05) in an amount the turns of pedals in 1 minute and height of indexes on 11 %; went down on 11,9 с (t=6,05; р<0,001) at time 30 turns of pedals and on 22,2 %; on a 28,5 cm (t=3,59; р<0,01) in a high jump and on 28,5 %; on 1,8 s (t=1,47; р>0,05) at time-of-flight of ВМХ to track and on 15,1 %. The dynamics of indexes of the functional state of bicyclists 13-14 years changed, both in preparatory and contention periods, where increase of indexes certainly on a 1,9 mm m. р. a century (t=0,15; р>0,05) of systole of increase of indexes is on 1,5 %; on a 1,4 mm m. р. a century (t=0,15; р>0,05) of diastole is on 1,7 %; on 58,1 kgm м- 1 (t=0,72; р>0,05) physical possibility − on 7,5 %; on 407,8 mls (t=0,15; р>0,05) of vital capacity of lungs of − on 22,3 % during two circannual cycles. We have assigned, on the other hand, the steps of sporting specialties in BMX sports, which take place, as a significant physical training, as well as systems of organization, pass by the type of statuary. Our researches show that for employments of ВМХ teenagers befit sport better 13 and 14 years muscular, elegant and abdominal types.