Характеристика змісту навчання у навчальних закладах міністерства шляхів сполучення в Україні у 1920-60 р.р. ХХ ст.

Abstract

У статті представлена загальна характеристика змісту навчання у навчальних закладах Міністерства шляхів сполучення в Україні у 1920-60 р.р. ХХст., формування змісту освіти у довоєнний та повоєнний періоди внаслідок об’єктивних і суб’єктивних чинників, збільшення кількості навчального часу на загальноосвітні дисципліни, особливо протягом першого і другого року навчання.

This paper presents the general characteristics of the studying content in educational institutions of the Ministry of Railways in Ukraine in 1920-60’s of XX century; the formation of the studying content during pre-war and post-war periods because of objective and subjective factors; increase of the number of studying time for general subjects, especially during the first and second year of study. The purpose of the article is to characterize the studying content in educational institutions of the Ministry of Railways in Ukraine in 1920-60’s of XX century. To clarify the features of the studying content structure in secondary schools of the Ministry of Railways. To point out general educational, general technical, and special cycles, the ratio of which is grounded from the first to the fourth years of study. To prove that in general the studying content measures up the social order for skilled workers in the field of railways – mechanic, technician, train operator and the like. To prove based on the study of numerous archival files and other historical materials, that there were two main trends in the formation of the studying content during prewar period – mono technical and general. Moreover, the last showed itself to be quite weak due to several objective and subjective factors. During postwar period general trend appeared to be significantly stronger, resulting in increase of the number of studying time for general subjects, especially during the first and second year of study. The analysis of the studying content in secondary educational institutions of the Ministry of Railways in the prewar and postwar period makes it possible to draw a general conclusion that the studying content in general was complied with social order for railway skilled workers such as mechanics, technicians, engine driver and the like. Ideologization of curricula in postwar period led to longer educational time to study the history of the CPSU, the history of the USSR and Russian language and literature as compulsory subjects in the process of training of future skilled workers of the railway industry.