Особливості підготовки спортсменів з інвалідністю у силових видах спорту

Abstract

У статті представлений аналіз наявної системи знань щодо проблематики підготовки спортсменів з інвалідністю в силових видах спорту. В результаті дослідження виявлені особливості збережених рухових можливостей спортсменів різних нозологічних груп та встановлено, що система підготовки спортсменів повинна базуватися на положеннях загальної теорії підготовки спортсменів, особливостях змагальної діяльності спортсменів у силових видах спорту, загально нозологічних та специфічних для кожного спортсмена особливостях захворювання та патології.

As a result of the study, it has been established that the system of training sportswomen with disabilities should rationally combine theoretical and methodological provisions of the general theory of training healthy athletes and orientation and peculiarities of training in adaptive sports. The mechanistic transfer of methodical approaches to training healthy athletes in adaptive sports can not only lead to reduced performance and restraint of longevity, but may be dangerous to the health of persons with disabilities. The most acute problem is manifested in power sports among athletes with disabilities. Since the technique of competitive exercises in power sports is relatively simple, these sports are one of the most effective means of social and physical rehabilitation, the prevention of complications and diseases, does not require significant financial investments, the number of athletes with disabilities choosing a power sport is growing in accordance with the increase in the number of people with locomotor injuries and visual impairment that has been observed in Ukraine in recent years due to military events. The training of athletes with disabilities in power sports should be aimed at addressing both sporting issues and taking into account rehabilitation aspects. The study of the problem of the training of athletes with disabilities in power sports shows that there are a large number of different forms and manifestations of pathologies, which imparts specific requirements to the training process and directly determines the structure and content of the training of athletes. The selection of means and methods of training sportsmen in power sports should be aimed at ensuring the formation of special compensatory mechanisms, increasing the functional capabilities of various organs and systems of persons with disabilities, correction of the main defect and the prevention of concomitant diseases and secondary deviations.