У статті визначено етапи здійснення освітньої реформи загальноосвітньої школи 1958 року в Українській РСР, розкрито особливості прийняття Закону «Про зміцнення зв’язку школи з життям і про подальший розвиток системи народної освіти в УРСР» в період перебування при владі М.С. Хрущова; представлено процес підготовки, обговорення та втілення Закону в життя; висвітлені протиріччя у виборі мови навчання батьками та політику партійного керівництва з цього питання; зроблений аналіз сильних сторін та недоліків реформи, її протиріччя та вплив на подальший розвиток освіти; висвітлено суперечності реформи, з якими не могла миритися тогочасна інтелігенція.
The features of passing an act are exposed about strengthening of connection of school with life and about further development of the system of folk education in Ukraine in the period of reformation of formation of М.S. By Khrushchev; the process of preparation, discussion and embodiment of Law is presented in life; the lighted up contradictions are in the choice of language of studies; done analysis of strong parties and lacks of reform. During all period of existence of the USSR ruling mode the special attention unchanging spared to education examined that as an important aspect of communist ideology. To Tom no wonder that, beginning reformation of society, М.S. Khrushchev did not go round an educational sphere that tested substantial changes and transformations. Ways of reformation of general school are on the basis of combination of studies with productive labour, with practice of communist building were certain in the performance of М.S. Khrushchev on ХІІІ convention of komsomol, in his message in the presidium of CC of CРSU and in the theses of Central Committee of CРSU. Proclaimed on XIII convention of VLKSM a course on alteration of folk education was called to decide one main task - to overcome an isolation from life of schools and institutions of higher learning. In April, 17 in 1959 about alteration of school it was set a question for consideration of fifth session of Verkhovna Rada of UKRAINE. Under the all-union Law on school a session passed an act «about strengthening of connection of school with life and about further development of the system of folk education in Ukrainian SSR». Although the new system of education was timely enough and in intention contained a few fundamentally correct reference-points, through the row of reasons she not only was not able to heave up education in a country on the higher stage, and even worsened elucidative quality indexes.
