Рибальські мотиви у творчості Федора Одрача

Abstract

У статті аналізуються рибальські мотиви оповідань Ф. Одрача, що увійшли до збірки «Покинута оселя». Твори Ф. Одрача досліджуються у контексті функціонування рибальської теми в українській літературі. В центрі дослідження – засоби характеротворення яскравих типажів рибалок, з’ясовуються психоемоційні домінати їх характерів. У статті аналізується рибальська термінологія, з’ясовуються прикметні риси рибальства як хобі. Досліджуються особливості екологічної свідомості письменника, яка формувалась ще в дитинстві на лоні поліської природи і яка визначила специфічні риси творчості прозаїка. Проблема взаємин людина – природа розглядається в статті з позицій екокритики.

The fishing motifs of F. Odrach’s stories in the article are analyzed. The research attention is focused on the works of the «Abandoned House» collection (1960). F. Odrach’s works are studied in the context of the fishing theme functioning in Ukrainian literature. The purpose of the article is to study the features of the artistic discourse of the writer’s fishing tales. Fishing topics are the favorite theme of F. Odrach’s creativity. The writer enthusiastically depicts nature. His characters are incorporated into her ecosystem. F. Odrach depicts the ecology of his native Polissia and Canada. The emigrant writer enthusiastically reveals the wealth of Canadian nature. The features of the writer’s ecological consciousness are studied. Valuable categories of Fedir Odrach were formed even in childhood in the nature of Polissіa. This led to the specific features of the creativity of the prose writer. The problem of the relationship of a person - nature in the article is considered from the standpoint of ecological criticism. The sources of his fishing talent Fedir Odrach find out in the essay «Our Polissia» (1955). He notes that livestock and fishing were an important economic base for the Polischuks. He considered Polyschuks the most experienced fishermen. Among the rivers Polissia F. Odrach calls Pina, Styr (Pripyatka) and Pripyat. The writer describes in detail fishing gear and different ways of seasonal fishing. In the literature, the theme of human relations with nature has long been understood in the spiritual, moral, aesthetic and practical-value aspects. Nature formed the features of human-economic activity. Fishing for Ukrainians has always been one of the types of nature use and aesthetic contact with nature. Literature reflected the fishing theme in different genres, in particular in the works of Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky, Ivan Franko, Mykola Cherniavsky, Maxym Rylsky, Ostap Vyshnia. The images of fishermen, their characters, emotional states, ideological foundations in the article are investigated. Draws attention to the image of a fisherman-narrator, whose prototype is the writer himself. F. Odrach is an interesting ethnopsychologist. Among the unfamiliar fishermen, he outlines the characteristic national traits of Ukrainians, Englishmen, Germans, Russians, etc. Also features of the fishing hobby are characterized, fishing terminology and attributes are analyzed. A special feature of the ideology of F. Odrach is ecocentricity. In most Odrach’s stories the narrator, is a direct participant in the events. In the image of the narrator reflected the author’s attitude and his life experience. The writer is especially interested the Human. He reveals the features of human nature because of the peculiarities of contact with nature.