Характеристика функціональних можливостей спортсменів - дзюдоїстів

Abstract

В даній статті вплив навчально-тренувальних занять спортивною боротьбою на кардіореспіраторну систему дзюдоїстів. Зокрема, детально описані показники фізичної працездатності та аеробної продуктивності організму спортсменів-дзюдоїстів 10–11 та 11–12 років торакального, м’язового та дигестивного соматотипів. Відмічено, що функція системи зовнішнього дихання, дослідженої за показниками спірографії, у юних дзюдоїстів перебуває в межах вікової норми і має окремі соматотипологічні відмінності.

In this article, the influence of training sessions on sporting struggle on the cardiorespiratory system of judoists. In particular, the indicators of physical working capacity and aerobic performance of the body of judo athletes 10-11 and 11-12 years of the thoracic, muscular and digestive somatotype are described in detail. It is noted that the function of the system of external respiration, investigated by the indicators of spirography, of young judoists is within the age range and has separate somatotypological differences. The popularity of judo struggle among young people causes a significant increase in the number of children of junior school age who wish to engage in this sport. Every year the sports struggle becomes more dynamic and intensive, which results in increased requirements for the functional capabilities of young judoists. Functional possibilities are characterized by a certain degree of development and functioning of vegetative systems that provide training and work of the body of the athlete during physical activity. It is a system of blood, respiratory and cardiovascular systems, which determine the development of aerobic and anaerobic performance of the organism. In wrestlers, simultaneously with the development of anaerobic possibilities of the body, the increase of aerobic capacity, which characterizes the amount of maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2 max), is of great importance for maintaining a high level of special efficiency. The indicator of maximum oxygen consumption serves as one of the criteria for the general functional state and adaptation to the training and competitive loads at different stages of the annual macrocycle; therefore, during the training and training activities, one must possess knowledge about the functional capabilities of the body of judoists, in order to effectively organize training. Indicators of the external breathing apparatus of athletes at different stages of their individual development and athletic training vary ambiguously and versatilely.